Tuesday, March 28, 2017

LOC 041 The Pool of Bethesda

Life of Christ: The Pool of Bethesda

Jesus traveled to Jerusalem for the unnamed feast in John Chapter Five.  While there, he has a run-in with the leaders of the Jews over something he did on the Sabbath day.  This morning I would like to focus our thoughts on the miracle that caused the problem.

The healing at the Pool of Bethesda.

1. The Setting 1
2. The Situation 2-4
3. The Subject 5
4. The Savior’s Question 6
5. The Sick Man’s Answer 7
6. The Special Touch 8-9
7. The Sabbath Offense 10-13
8. The Special Lesson 14-15

1. The Setting 1

        John 5:1 After this there was a feast of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. 

2. The Situation 2-4

2 Now there is in Jerusalem by the Sheep Gate a pool, which is called in Hebrew, Bethesda, having five porches.  3 In these lay a great multitude of sick people, blind, lame, paralyzed, waiting for the moving of the water.  4 For an angel went down at a certain time into the pool and stirred up the water; then whoever stepped in first, after the stirring of the water, was made well of whatever disease he had. 

3. The Subject 5

5 Now a certain man was there who had an infirmity thirty-eight years. 

4. The Savior’s Question 6

6 When Jesus saw him lying there, and knew that he already had been in that condition a long time, He said to him,  “Do you want to be made well?” 

5. The Sick Man’s Answer 7

7 The sick man answered Him,  “Sir, I have no man to put me into the pool when the water is stirred up; but while I am coming, another steps down before me.” 

6. The Special Words 8-9

8 Jesus said to him,  “Rise, take up your bed and walk.” 9 And immediately the man was made well, took up his bed, and walked. And that day was the Sabbath. 

7. The Sabbath Offense 10-13

10 The Jews therefore said to him who was cured,  “It is the Sabbath; it is not lawful for you to carry your bed.”  11 He answered them,  “He who made me well said to me,  ‘Take up your bed and walk.’ ”  12 Then they asked him,  “Who is the Man who said to you,  ‘Take up your bed and walk’?”  13 But the one who was healed did not know who it was, for Jesus had withdrawn, a multitude being in that place. 

8. The Special Lesson 14-15

14 Afterward Jesus found him in the temple, and said to him,  “See, you have been made well. Sin no more, lest a worse thing come upon you.”  15 The man departed and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had made him well.

Let’s look more closely at some key areas:

1. The Setting 1

        John 5:1 After this there was a feast of the Jews, and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. 

We dealt with this two weeks ago.  Jesus was in Jerusalem for one of the required feasts, most likely, but not dogmatically, the Passover. John then directs our attention to a place that may have been familiar to some of his readers.  He tells us of ....

2. The Situation 2-4

2 Now there is in Jerusalem by the Sheep Gate a pool, which is called in Hebrew, Bethesda, having five porches. 

We are unsure about where this was in Jerusalem.  2000 years of history has seen the city built up and rebuilt many times.  We do not know where this is.  But, we do know what was commonly expected. John tells us that much.

Bethesda means mercy or place of mercy.  These five pools probably had covered colonnades where people could get out of the heat and blistering winds to find some relief.  The covered area with the pools would have been a great mercy in the hot times of year.

We don't know how large they were except that they were large enough for a host of people to be in the area. John tells us why there were many people here. He says,

3 In these lay a great multitude of sick people, blind, lame, paralyzed, waiting for the moving of the water. 
It is uncertain whether the language of the Apostle John is intended to tell us about the common folklore and legend surrounding these five pools, or whether there was a continual miraculous stirring of the waters.  He simply reports the matter to set up the action of the Lord Jesus once he enters the scene.  John said,

4 For an angel went down at a certain time into the pool and stirred up the water; then whoever stepped in first, after the stirring of the water, was made well of whatever disease he had

There are all sorts of superstitions that grow in many places.  What we may have hear is a legend or superstition about these pools, rather than an actual miracle that occurred in these pools.  Notice how Jesus gives no credence to the healing powers of the waters, but is moved with compassion on one who was there.  We have many places where these sorts of legends exist today.  There are dozens of places people go to in hopes of a special divine act of mercy on their behalf.  Here it is about a multitude who are sitting around the place of mercy waiting for mercy.

When we encounter these sorts of things in the Scriptures, we find the writers explaining them in the terms that would have been commonly understood.   Here John tells us about four types of people who hung around the colonnades hoping to see the waters stir in order to jump in and be healed.  But, it was only the first who got in that would be healed. 

In these colonnades, it is likely that they were designed with Roman engineering to create a breeze into the shady area order to bring about a place of comfort.  A breeze would cause standing water to be stirred--to ripple.  It is likely that many were here with a hope that could never be realized. For, those most able to jump in the waters would have had the least wrong with them making them mobile enough to get into the water.   The four categories of those mentioned are in drastic need of help to do what the legend required. They would not have been able to enter at a moments notice.

Couple that with the fact that most of these two verses are not in the oldest and most reliable Greek Manuscripts.  They are in some from the 13th and 14th centuries and after, but not in those most important manuscripts of the 5th and 6th centuries. From the words “waiting foe the moving of the water” in verse 3 through the end of verse four were likely added by some scribe or copyist between the 6th and 13th centuries.  Those ages were ages of great superstition and occasionally we find this sort of textual problem--which isn’t really a problem at all.  The narrative is not about the pools, it is about the compassion of Christ, the man of mercy and the healing he gave in two different ways.  What is not in dispute about the text tells us all we need to know that “In the enclosure or by these pools lay a great multitude of sick people, blind, lame, paralyzed.”  Weak, blind, handicapped and withered or literally, the dry, where there.  Four types of people who would have difficulty getting into the water when someone would perceive it to have stirred.  People who could not do for themselves what they most wanted to do.  A multitude of helpless people are there waiting...... John narrows in on just one man...

3. The Subject 5

5 Now a certain man was there who had an infirmity thirty-eight years. 

We don't know his name. He is forever known at the lame man by the pool of Bethesda. We don't know his specific infirmity. We don't know if he was born with the particular ailment, or whether it came upon him in his youth or age.  We do know from archeological and historical evidence that he had this for a time that was longer than the average life expectancy of men in and around Judea at that time. A particular man had suffered 38 years with an ailment that kept him from getting into the waters.  He wasn’t necessarily at the pools for 38 years, he had the ailment for that long.  This prompted...

4. The Savior’s Question 6

6 When Jesus saw him lying there, and knew that he already had been in that condition a long time, He said to him,  “Do you want to be made well?” 

Jesus saw him and knew he had been there a long time.  Jesus asked him directly, Do you want to be made well? After all, that is why he was at the pool after all.  The man  was hoping that somehow he would be made well by being the first to enter upon the stirring of the waters and we see that by his reply.  Perhaps this man unable to move a few feet to the waters was one of the few in all of Israel who did not yet know who Jesus was.... The perspective of the man is found in ...

5. The Sick Man’s Answer 7

7 The sick man answered Him,  “Sir, I have no man to put me into the pool when the water is stirred up; but while I am coming, another steps down before me.” 

He was not quick enough to get what he desired.  He was hopelessly consigned to lose the contest every time.  The man did not realize with whom he was talking and the wonders he had worked for those who came to him.  His situation was one of frustration.  But, perhaps he was a man of faith--in the water at least.  Here, Jesus has compassion, great mercy, on the man and simply speaks a command...

6. The Special Words 8-9

8 Jesus said to him,  “Rise, take up your bed and walk.”

Jesus does not direct him to the waters, as something that would mediate his healing, but speaks and recreates the man’s  body as it was intended to be.  Jesus commands the sick man to get up, roll up your bed and walk away. For 38 years this man had suffered.  Now he was made well.  

Jesus doesn’t reason with him about his worldview or wrong perspectives about the pool, he commands and expects obedience.  This is what he gets...

 9 And immediately the man was made well, took up his bed, and walked.

At that point in time, the sick man was made complete. He was not made well progressively.  He was made well immediately.  Jesus as the creator has power over all things.  The man did what he was commanded.   All of this was included by John to make one important point with the next six words.....

And that day was the Sabbath. 

Ah-oh!  and that day was the sabbath.  John introduces tension into the text.  We have a man with a drastic need.  The one who can meet that need.  The action needed. And, a comment that it was on the sabbath. The readers are to sense the tension inherent in the comment. Yet, keep in mind that.... Jesus had healed once before on the Sabbath...remember Peter’s mother-in-law?

7. The Sabbath Offense 10-13

10 The Jews therefore said to him who was cured,  “It is the Sabbath; it is not lawful for you to carry your bed.” 

The Jews are representatives of the Jewish leadership of the time.  They were likely a mixture of Sadducees and Pharisees who were dominant on the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling body or court.   These men do not seek out the Lord Jesus Christ, but express their concern for the actions of the one who was made well.  

The Jews make two statements.  They state, “It is the sabbath.” and they continue, “it is not lawful for you to carry your bed.  The man, now healed, defends himself.  Note, not every defense of one’s uprightness is an implicit boast of self-righteousness. 

11 He answered them,  “He who made me well said to me,  ‘Take up your bed and walk.’ ” 

The man figured if one had the power to make him well, he also had the power to command and the one commanding ought to be obeyed.  He told the leaders that the one who healed him told him to do what he was doing.  The Jews continued....

12 Then they asked him,  “Who is the Man who said to you,  ‘Take up your bed and walk’?”  13 But the one who was healed did not know who it was, for Jesus had withdrawn, a multitude being in that place. 

Jesus did not draw any attention to himself with his act of compassion.  He came through the pools, saw the man, was moved with compassion, gave the man what he needed, and went on his way.  The man healed knew he was a man with great powers, but did not know who it was.  Sitting around the pool had put him out of touch with popular culture and all that was happening in Palestine.  Jesus was unknown to him.  Jesus had withdrawn from the many people who were in that place.

Why didn’t Jesus heal every one who was there?  He could have, but he didn’t.  And, why did Jesus, let this man be afflicted for 38 years before he id something?  In his divine nature he surely knew all about the troubles each person at the pool was facing.  Why did Jesus single out this one man?

Well, we should not speculate about what is not revealed.  But, we should realize that throughout the Scriptures, it is taught that God is not obligated to be merciful to sinners.  Rom. 9:15 For He says to Moses,  “I will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whomever I will have compassion.”

All the time people think they are owed something from God because they have suffered.  The man at the pool was there for 38 years with the same suffering locked into a superstitious believe based upon a legend that had a simple and natural explanation for the phenomenon. 

God says, it is not because of what we do that he gives mercy.  It is simply because he is pleased to dispense his mercy upon some. Rom. 9:15 For He says to Moses,  “I will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whomever I will have compassion.”

What God owes man because of their sin is not mercy, but judgment.  Rom. 6:23 For the wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord. The cost that will extracted from each man and woman because of their willful sin will be death.  That is what all men deserve.  But, the good news is that not everyone gets what they truly deserve.  TO some God gives mercy and grace.  He gives to some the gift of eternal life.  It is unearned, it is a gift, a grant, something free and often unexpected.  This gift comes through The Lord Jesus Christ.  “I will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whomever I will have compassion.”  It is not up to us to dictate to whom God dispenses grace. We do not know to whom he will be gracious and merciful.  We do not know when God will be moved to act out of compassion.  But, we know that he does.  Part of that gift he gives is the faith to trust in the Lord Jesus Christ for salvation--deliverance from the penalty of sin (death), the power of sin (our wilful bondage to all that is opposed to God) and the presence of sin (as God by his Spirit and Word work in his people).  We would not seek this on our own, nor can we.  But God gives it to those who are undeserving, no hell deserving.

You might be thinking, Mike, this was about a physical healing, how can you link it to all of these spiritual realities.  Keep reading in verses 14 & 15.  

8. The Special Lesson 14-15

14 Afterward Jesus found him in the temple, and said to him,  “See, you have been made well. Sin no more, lest a worse thing come upon you.”  15 The man departed and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had made him well.

Meeting number 2.  The sinner made a saint.  He goes to the temple, maybe to pay a vow of some sort or just to enjoy the place where God had promised his special presence to Israel.  Jesus says to him, See, you have been made well.  No longer make sinning the habit of your life.  Even though the man had been unable to do much of anything for 38 years, he was still a sinner in need of a savior.  Jesus warns him and commands him to live in a way that is fit to the mercy he has received.  To sin habitually after divine grace has been given is to have the threat of great calamity upon you. 

The man left and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had healed him that day.

The main point to remember is this:  some people pend many years looking for what they think thy need only to find out that they have been wrong.  What truly brings satisfaction and purpose to all of life is the person and work of the Lord Jesus Christ.  We just looked at a narrative about a man who for many years waited for the waters to be stirred that he might get in and find what would make him complete.  Jesus healed his body and his soul.  Jesus finds those who are to be his special people in many ways.  He finds them while they are sheep who are astray.  He finds them and delivers them safely to his Father’s care. What grace, undeserved deliverance from the one who has the power to deliver us from all things even our sins.  AMEN!


No comments:

Post a Comment