Wednesday, March 22, 2017

LOC 015 The Lamb of God



LOC 015 Life of Christ: 
The Lamb of God

This morning in our study of the life of the Lord Jesus Christ we come to the place immediately after his Baptism when John the Baptist makes a pronouncement about the Lord.  He calls him by one of the most descriptive names we find in the Gospels.  Yet, due to theological preconceptions, many miss the profundity of what John is saying.  Let’s look at verses 19 to 34 to see the context of what John the Baptist said.

Immediately after the prologue in John’s Gospel, he tells us about another John, John the Baptist. Here is his discussion with the priests and levites who come from Jerusalem to question him about his ministry.

The Jews send a query
John 1:19 Now this is the testimony of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, "Who are you?"

John’s reply
20 He confessed, and did not deny, but confessed, "I am not the Christ."

Their continued persistence and John’s reply
21 And they asked him, "What then? Are you Elijah?" He said, "I am not." "Are you the Prophet?" And he answered, "No."

Again they inquire
22 Then they said to him, "Who are you, that we may give an answer to those who sent us? What do you say about yourself?"

John’s godly reply -- Isaiah 40:3
23 He said: "I am 'The voice of one crying in the wilderness: "Make straight the way of the LORD,"' as the prophet Isaiah said." 

The Identity of the Inquirers
24 Now those who were sent were from the Pharisees.

We’ll learn more about them and their self-justifying motives as we work through the Gospels.  But, take note, this is the first instance of them protecting their turf, they are protective of their own little kingdom.

Another persistent question
25 And they asked him, saying, "Why then do you baptize if you are not the Christ, nor Elijah, nor the Prophet?"
  
Another Direct Answer
26 John answered them, saying, "I baptize with water, but there stands One among you whom you do not know.
27 "It is He who, coming after me, is preferred before me, whose sandal strap I am not worthy to loose."

John is saying that there is one among them who is of so much greater importance than whatever good John may be doing, he tasks are menial and trivial when compared to the other. 

John, the Evangelist, gives an editorial comment
        28 These things were done in Bethabara beyond the Jordan, where John was baptizing.

Scene shifts to the next day--controversy with the religious bigots is over.  John makes five declarations about the Lord Jesus.

Here is John the Baptizer’s five-fold Confession and testimony to those around:

A. The Lamb of God
29 The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him, and said, "Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!

B. The Preferred One and the priority of Jesus in importance and time.
30 "This is He of whom I said, 'After me comes a Man who is preferred before me, for He was before me.'

C. The Revealed One
31 "I did not know Him; but that He should be revealed to Israel, therefore I came baptizing with water."

D. The Approved One
32 And John bore witness, saying, "I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and He remained upon Him.

E. The Sending One
33 "I did not know Him, but He who sent me to baptize with water said to me, 'Upon whom you see the Spirit descending, and remaining on Him, this is He who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.' 34 "And I have seen and testified that this is the Son of God."

John saw his ministry as having a missionary emphasis as he sought to turn the hearts of Israel back to God through the Lord Jesus Christ. What had been a ministry of [reaching the law and repentance has now been changed as he directs his own disciples to the true nature of the Lord Jesus. John was sent by the one to whom he pointed men.  This other one will bring another baptism that is greater than the one he practiced.

There are a few things in the background that we need to have straight if we are to understand this section and the rest.  The first is the meaning of the word WORLD in verse 29.

What do you think of first when you hear the word world?  What about this context?  A lot of people think automatically that the world means “each and every man.” Because of that they immediately assume that John the Baptist is making a statement about the universality of grace.  This is how the process of thought often goes:  P1. The Scriptures say, Behold the lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.  P2. The World contains each and every man.   P3. In the context the lamb is Jesus. Therefore, C. This statement means that Jesus is the one who will take away the sin of each and every man.  Did you follow the flow of thought?  That is how most Evangelicals alive today would automatically interpret the statement.  They would be wrong.  They committ the fallacy of equivocation.  They define World in two different ways.  In P1, Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, world is defined as each and every man without any warrant in the context to do so.  In P2, where they make the connection between world and each and every man, they use world as a synonym for the earth, where each and every man lives. From this shift in meaning, they conclude, since Jesus in the lamb of God, he is the one who has taken away the sin of each and every man. This is shoddy thinking.  It is an example of undisciplined thinking.  It is even sinful thinking in that it is not loving God with all of our mind.  It is nothing but an example of how a theological precommittment may compell one to misunderstand God’s revelation.  Thinking themselves to be right, they will be ever learning and never able to come to a knowledge of the truth.

The second problem is that it points to another fallacious use of words in Bible study.  Many think definitions of words are interchangeable.  If word A means one thing in one context, it can be used to mean the same thing in any context.  The word world is an example of this.  People assume world means each and every man.  From that they believe themselves justified to use the definition in every place they find the word world.  This is a very ancient and a very modern fallacy leading to heresy.  It is ancient because it is one thing condemned by God in his Word rather clearly:

1 Timothy 6:3 If anyone teaches otherwise and does not consent to wholesome words, even the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doctrine which accords with godliness, 4 he is proud, knowing nothing, but is obsessed with disputes and arguments over words, from which come envy, strife, reviling, evil suspicions, 5 useless wranglings of men of corrupt minds and destitute of the truth, who suppose that godliness is a means of gain. From such withdraw yourself.

A man who wrangles over the meaning and use of words without regard for the context of the thoughts is using the microscopic pieces of language to justify himself.  He is one who is obsessed with disputes.  The Scriptures tell us the source of these disputes--envy, strife, reviling, evil suspicions.  They are called useless wranglings of men of corrupted minds who, concerning the truth, are like they are on a stranded Island of their own making--they are destitute, they have nothing to sustain their life.  They will wither and die.   Different people seek to gain various things through these wranglings.  They are dangerous men.  Paul emphatically tells Timothy to withdraw himself from these men.  Even if they have an outward appearance of humility, we can be assurred that inwardly they are proud.  This usually manifests itself in an unteachable spirit.  There is a great difference between people who ask questions in order to learn and those who ask questions attempting to make others think.  The first brings instruction to the mind and life to the soul, the second strife and contention.  One of the things that Gods hates is one who sows discord among the brethren.  A man who wrangles over words is proud, unwilling and unable to submit to wholesome words of truth because they are arguing obsessively for an alternative.

This wrangling is contrasted in the context with these words, “6 Now godliness with contentment is great gain.” 

Back to the meaning of world.  How is world in John 1:29 to be understood.  Words have many meanings in English and in Greek. In order to determine a meaning of a word, one must wrestle with the entire context.  Then the entire book, then other books by the same author, then books oin the same testament, then the entirety of Scripture.

To illustrate the complexity of a particular word and the need for a context in which to understand it.  Let’s consider the English definition of the niun form of world.  There are fifteen possible shaded of meaning to our English world, world.

world n.
1. The earth.
2. The universe.
3. The earth with its inhabitants.
4. The inhabitants of the earth; the human race.
5.a. Humankind considered as social beings; human society. b. People as a whole; the public.
6. Often World. A specified part of the earth.
7. A part of the earth and its inhabitants as known at a given period in history.
8. A realm or domain.
9.a. A sphere of human activity or interest. b. A class or group of people with common characteristics or pursuits.
10. A particular way of life.
11. All that relates to or affects the life of a person.
12. Secular life and its concerns.
13.a. Human existence; life. b. A state of existence.
14. Often worlds. A large amount; much.
15. A celestial body such as a planet.

Every time we use the word World, one of these definitions has to fit the context.  One of these fifteen definitions comes into our mind.  However, We should not assume a particular meaning has a one-size-fits-all use.  The context of a passage determines the use of the words, expecially disputed words.  If we allow our own petty theological precommittments to taint our understanding of a passage, we miss out on what God has revealed and we turn his truth into a lie.  That’s what men do when they wrangle over words.  Not every one has been given a teaching ministry among God’s people.  Be leary of those who seek to usurp that role in any context. 

Our problem with the word World is that we pack the Greek notion of Cosmos with the baggage of English expression.  In Greek the word means an identifiable orderly arrangement of one sort or another, a system.  The largest system understandable to a Greek would have been that of the created world, meaning the entire universe.  Although, cosmos is a term for any orderly arrangement or system.  It is the opposite of Chaos--unordered apparent purposelessness and randomness.  Although, a world of Chaos would certainly fit the meaning of the word. 

Cosmos of any kind is something according to order where chaos is disorder.  That is all cosmos can mean.  Now, there are many different types of order and many different things that are ordered, yet in every case, we seek for clues in the context, not in some other context that becomes a pretext for poor theology.

Word cannot always mean each and every man in every place.  If we examine just a few places where it is found we see that the context has to rule the meaning. 

Take 1 John 2:15ff.1 JO 2:15 Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. 16 For all that is in the world--the lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life--is not of the Father but is of the world. 17 And the world is passing away, and the lust of it; but he who does the will of God abides forever.

Thee explicit command of God is to not love this thing called the world, nor the things that are in the world.  Certainly this can’t mean each and every man because we are told to love our neighbors and our enemies. The world here is defined by the content of its system--the lust of the eyes, the lust of the flesh and the pride of life. Those are the elements of the system we call the world.  Worldliness is living like the world as contrasted with living for God.  Those who do his will (not giving into the trio of basic worldy vices) will live forever. 

Or consider the meaning of world in John 15:17ff "These things I command you, that you love one another. 18 "If the world hates you, you know that it hated Me before it hated you. 19 "If you were of the world, the world would love its own. Yet because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you. 20 "Remember the word that I said to you, 'A servant is not greater than his master.' If they persecuted Me, they will also persecute you. If they kept My word, they will keep yours also.

The system, the orderly arrangement of thought and action among men hates disciples who are purposed to follow Christ.  Our comfort is that Christ has chosen us out of that ungodly system.

This is how the Apostle Paul uses the word in at least one place. Romans 12:1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that you present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is your reasonable service.2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God.

The implied question for Christians is this: Who are you going to serve?  Christ or the world’s system.

Earlier in John 1, John writes of Jesus: 1:9 That was the true Light which gives light to every man coming into the world. 10 He was in the world, and the world was made through Him, and the world did not know Him.

Here the context requires us to see some subtle nuances of meaning.  What sort  of orderly arrangements or systems are in view?  The passage is talking about Jesus and how he was present from the beginning, yea intimately involved in the creation and sustaining of all things.  Jesus is the one who illumines every man in the world in some sense. Notice the language: “That was the true Light which gives light to every man coming into the world.”  Every man coming into the world.  The language of John precludes world from meaning every man.  The world is something into which the every men come.  It is not the same as every man.  In the structure of the sentence the two ideas serve differing purposes.  Every man is the object of the light.  The world is where the men are understood to be.

Whatever World means here it must be an orderly arrangement or system consistent with the context.  IN the next verse it says, 10 He was in the world, and the world was made through Him, and the world did not know Him.

The world was the place where Jesus came, it was made by him and it did not recognize him.  The first two appear on the surface to be the place of orderly arranged creation which is equal to the inhabitable world.  However, the third use appears to be personified.  The world has the capacity to not know Jesus.  This is a system other than the creation.  A system of fallen men consistent with that of 1 John 2. 

Do you see why it is important to not import the meaning of our English word on top of the idea in the NT. 

World in the statement of John the Baptist has to mean something like this, “Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of something that has an identifiable or orderly arrangement, a system. What is that identifiable or orderly arrangement or system is the question? 

The meaning is driven by the context.  What can give us clues to the meaning of the word world?  The other words in the context that may have a clearer meaning taken together. 

Behold: Is used to get someone’s attention in order to make a declaration.  To whomever John is speaking, he is imforming them of the importance of what he is about to say.  Listen, take this to heart.

The Lamb of God: How would this have been understood by first century Jews?  There are two opinions given by scholars, yet only one fits the overall context of John’s fivefold declaration.  Some say, the Lamb of God, points only to the character of the messiah--that is, that he would be gentle and meek like a lamb. These are ideas that express something of the character of Christ.  However, within this understanding He is one who would never force himself on others, he would never demand obedience and love of others. He is simply gentle and sheepish.  This seems to me to weaken the force of the fivefold declaration.  Why would John go on to speak of Jesus as the preferred one, revealed one, approvedone and the sending one, if this is what is meant by the Lamb of God?  The other four pictures show something of great force of Character.

The other understaanding takes into account the social and religious background of the Jewish audience.  John uses imagery of sacrifice to identify Jesus as the unblemished lamb.  It is the language of sacrifice that is found in John’s pronouncement, “Behold, the Lamb of God.”  We know this from the context.  He continues,

Who takes away the sin of the world. 
This was a shocking statement.  It would have grated against the racial prejudices of the Jews at that time.  The Jews were to be a testimony and light to the nations.  Through Abraham all nations were to be blessed. The Jews had turned that around.  Instead of seeing themselves as a light of salvation to the nations--plural--, they had restated it as a light of salvation to the nation--singular--meaning Israel.  John the Baptist, with a ministry primarily to Jews would have shocked all who heard his words.  He was saying that Jesus was not just the one who had come to be the perfect sacrifice for Israel, but for all who were in the system of the world.  It was a shock.  Behold, the Lamb of God who has relevance beyond Israel, to all the nations.  And, this is what he is and will do, he takes away sin.

This is a statement about the glorious ministry that this one is to have.  It was shocking that an efficacious sacrifice would be for the goyim--the gentile dogs.  The scope of the ministry of Jesus was broader than that of John.  It was to the whole world.  What a wonderful sentiment to express...despite the sin and ruin found in the system of the world in which all of its inhabitants willingly take part, there is hope, behold, God’s sacrificial lamb that takes away this world’s sin.  Jesus, the greatest thing was present and ministering among men.  What a glorious pronouncement!  What a personal pronouncement!

What do you love and after what do you seek? To you live in line with the orderly, yet corrupt arrangement of this world’s system?  Do you seek to be like those around you in the world, or do you have the desire to conform to the will of God?  Do you find yourself doing things God’s way? Or, do you find yourself doing things according to your lusts?  Do you seek The Lord Jesus to rule over you by his word?  Or, do you just say that because it’s what you want others to hear you say?

For those who love the Lord Jesus and seek to follow him in more than just words, I point you to the text to consider the blessed hope he gives once again.  Behold, God’s Lamb who takes away the world’s sin.  Cling to him, trust in him, will all of your heart and strength.  He will satisfy your soul.

To those who love the world more than they love Christ, I point you to the Lamb of God as well.  He lived a righteous life and died the death of a malefactor in order to save men out of this world’s system and degradation.  Your only hope is to look to him.  Take no false comfort in a mistaken notion of a universal salvation,  behold the Lamb of God, the only one who can take away sin.  None other will do.  You can’t save yourself because even your unbelief is a sin.

Let’s look at the proposition: As if world means each and every man. We would interpret the words to mean, Jesus died for all of the sins of all of the people.

Assume the statement to be true for a minute, If it can be shown that one person for whom Christ died in this scenario did not receive all of the benefits of salvation he promised to give, then even the universal statement of the atonement cannot be universally true.  Did you get that?  Assumming a universal atonement for the sake of arguement, we find the universal statement about universalism cannot be universally true because ot can be shown easily within that scheme that some for shom Christ died did not receive the benefits promised, namely remission of sin. Therefore, the universal statement would need to be conditioned in one way or another making that what was universal particular in some sense. 

Consider just one of many examples that could be given:
With great certainty in the language, it says, Psalm 9:17 The wicked shall be turned into hell, And all the nations that forget God.

If this verse is true about the future destiny of some know at that time as the wicked, and if they are no longer alive today, they must have been turned into hell.  Being turned into hell is a manifest of the justice of God giving some men what they actually deserve.  They are not in heaven, therefore it cannot be said that salvation is a universal phenonena.  If Jesus was the Lamb of God who took away the sin of each and every man it would be an injustice for any to suffer in hell. The original statement must be qualified in some way.  On it’s face it is not true.  Stay with me in this theological argument.........

As stated, 1.  Jesus died for all of the sins of all of the people.  There is no sin left for which the subject must reckon.  Yet by qualification of the first argument there is. 

When the universalism of proposition one is pointed out to people they qualify the statement in this way: 1.  Jesus died for all of the sins of all of the people yet the benefits are conditioned on their actual belief or faith. 

They place what is needed, belief or faith, into a special category of non-sinful efficacious works.  But what are they really saying? By necessary inference they say, Is it that Jesus died for all sin except for the sin of unblief?  I ask you, Is unbelief a special category of non-sin?  No, this sort of expression is shallow thinking.  The lack of faith is the very thing for which men and women in the world will be condemned will be condemned. 

JOH 1:11 He came to His own, and His own did not receive Him. 12 But as many as received Him, to them He gave the right to become children of God, to those who believe in His name: 13 who were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.

And,

JOH 3:16 "For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life. 17 "For God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but that the world through Him might be saved. 18 "He who believes in Him is not condemned; but he who does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God.
        19 "And this is the condemnation, that the light has come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. 20 "For everyone practicing evil hates the light and does not come to the light, lest his deeds should be exposed. 21 "But he who does the truth comes to the light, that his deeds may be clearly seen, that they have been done in God."

These statements are not about the quantity of men who will be saved but about the quality of the love of God who loved the wicked mass of humanity and sought to redeem the fallen system of this world so much, that he sent his son, the lamb of God who takes away the sin of men, sin willingly taken and practiced in line with the sytems of this fallen world.  It is about the quality of the saviour’s love.  God soooo loved the world, the sinful worldly prepetual manifestations of sin within his originally holy creation.  Gos loved that so much that he made sure one powerful enough to redeem was sent.  It is he who is the Lamb of God who redeems.

What is it that keeps men from this redemption?  Their unbelief, PERIOD.  It is not God who takes the blame, it is man and his sin, especially that of prepetual unbelief.  Unbelief is only a special category of sin because ultimately it is the sin that damns.

Hebrews 3:18-19 And to whom did He swear that they would not enter His rest, but to those who did not obey? 19 So we see that they could not enter in because of unbelief.

Man gets no heavenly rest because of his unbelief. And,

Revelation 21:7-8 "He who overcomes shall inherit all things, and I will be his God and he shall be My son. 8 "But the cowardly, unbelieving, abominable, murderers, sexually immoral, sorcerers, idolaters, and all liars shall have their part in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone, which is the second death."

If Jesus died for all of the sins of all of the men, he died for their unbelief which was a real sin.  Therefore they have nothing to worry about.  They would have to admit that Jesus didn’t die for all of the sins of all of the men and to be consistent with Scriptures they should admit that unbelief is a sin.

This too points out the need for all men to believe.  Therefore, we point them to the perfect, unblemished sacrifice they truly need, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.  Who do you love?  The Lamb who gives redemption or the World that needs it?

No comments:

Post a Comment